Roofing construction.



. 1 PATENEEEB MAR. 12, 1907. CKJ. KUNZLER. ROOFINGUONSTRUGTION.

APPLICATION FILED 3.1.1906.

,TO all whom it may concern:

a'cltizen of the United I for securing the layers to the Strips of metal arranged to cross the layers andintervenin'g layers of'asphaltum, cement,

, ingstrips...

usually in dish form,- but a common source l ance with niyinvention indicated by the the, securing-stripand it.

UNITED strn rns r nrnnr OFFICE.

g ci-humans J. KUNZLER, or

P TTs UR ,"PENNSYLVANIA; LROO'FING CON TRUCTION.

. Specification of Letters Patent.

Apiiliciitibn' filed llpril 2.1906. salient. soezev.

Patented March 12, 1907.

place by tacks ornails 4, driven down through that I, Onnnhns J. KUN LER, the strips and through each projecting ex- States, residing at posed edge of the felt layers, passing through Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and all of the layers and into the sheathing 5;,as StfilQOgOli Pennsylvania, have invented cerclearly shownin F l and 3. [tziin new and useful Improvements in Roof- The arrangement of the felt layers is such ingOonstruction, of which the following is a est-o always shed the water, although any specification, reference being had therein to sultable may be utilized, the the. accompanying drawing. I best results being secured by arran -My invention refers to improvements in strips 2 transverselyat substantial roofing construction, and relates particularly angles to the exposed edgesof the l to'aroof composed of lsyers of felt paper or felt 3. .othersimilar material and to the means It will be understood roof-sheatl'iing be and for-entirely protecting the metallic parts depending on the number om corrosion. i

In carrying out my 6 it known y right ayers of that the strips 2 may of layers, their thickness, and other conditions. 1

- etween the sheathing '5 and the under faces of the layers 3 and between the layers at substantially right angles to the edges themselves throughout I em loy asphaltuin tl1I (-}Of,n9 lle(l down through the layers into or cement 6 or any other suitable filling equivthe supporting-sheathing, with protecting- I alent, as tar, pitch, or mixturesof these cover strips of felt or other suitable material, materials, as will be readily understood by those familiar with this class of. roofing, and the same material is employed underneath V .l the strip 2 and also above it for the purpose Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a! of completely surrounding and protecting transverse vertical sectional View through. it the strip itself andthe nails from moisture. a portion of'the roof constructed in accord invention I employ or other substance, with a final covering laid thereon. i

nails I employ covering-strips 7, also of felt or other suitable material, of considerably 'greaterwidth than the metallic strips 2, laid along the top thereof line I I- of Fig. 2. Fig. 21s a partial plan View of the roof, portions of the successive layers of-Inetcl having been removed to show manner of attachment. -.-Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail crosssectional'view on the line III III of Fig. Figs-4, 5,,iand 6 are detail views showing modifiedconstructions of attaching or 860111? of the intervening layers of 'asphaltum 6. The same covering material is employedentirely over the top surface of the Hat la ers and the protectingstrips 7, forming a ial bed of cement 8, upon which an outer cover- Heretofore felt'rooi'ing has been secured ing 9, of cracked stone, slag or gravel, or by means of nails driven through thevarious other suitable material may be laid and layers'of'felt at suitable intervals and pro- 7 which will become firmly embedded in place. vided with washer-disks of thin tin-plate,

The edges of the roof are preferably sur- I rounded by upwardly-extending ledges (1-, of annoyance and leakageof the roof is found 1 formed of sheet metal and provided with ininftherapid destruction of the disks and nails" wardly-extending securing-flanges 2, ,which due itoiinoisturc and consequent rusting out. cover and hold the layers of felt in the same My invention has in view to prevent such 1 manner generally as just described," being .1 deterioretioi'i of the attaching means by covered in turn bystrips of felt 7 and surcompletely and pern'ianently protecting all I rounded aboveand metallic parts, and forthispurposcl employ filling. strips 2 ofbrass, copper, or any suitable sheet metal, 'Which are laid at intervals transl versely across the layers 3 of felt, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The strips are secured in.

iirzwtically amnlgeinntei'l of cement, and the arranged at any desired distances apart,

lu-ilow 'by the asphaltum As thus constructed "theentire roof will be ing the like a further protection to the strip and from one end to the other and securely cemented down by means Ioo metallic-strips 2 and their nails l will be entirely protected from moisture, particularly by reason of the superimposed strips? and of the top layers of asphaltum and the final roof ing-coat. A particular advantage of the strips 2 is that they are of minimum thickness and add substantially no additional depth to the roof, so that even with the covering-strip'T there is no visible ridge in the roof, all inequalities being merged into the same general level by reason of the surrounding asphaltu m. The strips being thin' and narron and secured at closely-adjacent intervals by the nails 4, firmly hold the layers 3 in position, each nail of attachment exerting its holding efi ect continuously throughout the strip rather than at isolated points, as in the case of the ordinary disks.

When desired, the central portion of the strip may be extended upwardly along the middle of the strip, as indicated at 10, Fig. 4, the edges ll of the strip being preferably flattened toprevent cutting of the layers 3, although the fiatteningof the edges is not essential. \Vith such construction by driving the nails clear down considerable additional pressure will be exerted along each edge of the strip, tightly securing the exposed parts ol. the layers 3 in place and making an absolutely close joint.

In'Fig. 5 I show the same general construction, except that adoublc-ridge construction 10 10 is used, with an interveninglongitudinal depression or gutter 12, adapted to receive the securing-nails. The edges 1 1f may be of the form shown or may merely terminate in the same general plane as the lateral ilownWardly-sloping outer faces of the ridges 10.

In Fig. 6 the saint: general construction as in Fig 4 is shown, having the central up- Wardlyprojecting ridge It), the lateral edges 13 13 being rounded by dmibling'the metal inwardly upon itself, and such construction additionally stiltens the strip, while securing all of the edge-pressure qualities noted and completely avoiding any cutting of the asphaltum or felt.

It will be obvious that thesnme general character of the strip may be secured by varying theconstruction,so that when the nails are driven through a spring-pressure will be exerted along the outer edges, "and l do not desire to be limited to the forms shown. The strip 2 (shown in the principal figures ol' the drawings) may be simply llat when originally used, or thesame binding ell'ect may be secured by originallv l orming the strip in trough form, as imlicaledin dotted lines at 14, the driviug'ol the nails securing the same general result Willi an ordinary llat strip, however, laid in the .man'uer described and illustrated jand when combined with the other portions of the roof the resulting ell'ect is highly. si'icosslul and obviates all of the deficiencies and disadvantages above noted.

Having described my invention, What I- claim is 1. In a roof, the combination with a plurahty of overlapping layers of roofing material, of transversely-laid metallic strips and securing-nails arranged to pass through the exposed portion of each layer of roofing material, substantially as set forth.

2. In a roof, the combination with a plurality of overlapping layers of roofing nlaterial, of metallic securing-strips laidcontinuously over the successive exposed portions of said layers, and securing-nails passing through the strips and the exposed portions of tlhe roofing material, substantially as set fort 1.

3. In a roof, the combination with a plurality of overlapping layers of roofing mate rial, ol metallic securing-strips laid continllously over the successive exposed portions of said layers, securing devices passing through the strips and the exposed portions of the roofing material, and covering-strips of flexible material laid over the metallic strips lengthwise thereof and transversely across the exposed portions of thero'ofing material, substantially as set forth.

4. In a roof, the combination with a plurality of overlapping layers of roofing material, of metallic securing-strips laid continu: ously over the successive exposed portion of said layers, securing devices passing through the strips and the exposed portions of the roofing material,- and covering-stri s of flexible material laid over the metal io strips lengthwise thereof and transversely across the exposed portions of the roofing material, with intervening layers of cementing material between the roofing material, metallic strips, and covering-strips respectively, substantially as set forth. 1

5. In a roof, the combination with a plurality'ot overlapping layers of roofing material, of transversely-laid metallic strlps and securing-nails arranged to pass through the exposed portion of each'layer of roofing ma-- terial, and longitudinal covering-strips of flexible material laid over said metallicstrips, with cementing material laid between the metallic strips and the covering-strips and entirely over the overlapping layers, and an outer coating of gravel or the like embedded in the upper surface thereof, substantially as set forth. I

6. ln :1, roof, the combination with the supporting-sheatl'iing of the roof, of upwardlyextcnding metallic edge. reinforcing-strips ping layers of roofing material extending beneath said flanges and against the inwardlyextending reinforcing-strips, securing fnalls passing through said flanges and the exposed portions of the roofing material, supplemental metallic securing-strips laid continuously over the successive exposed portions of the overlapping layers of roofing material, and securing-nails passing through said strips and layers, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination with a plurality ol overlapping layers of rooting material, of a transversely-laid metallic strip having a longitudinal ridge and secured upon the layers by nails driven through the strip and layers into a supr'mrting-base, substantially as setforth.

S. The combination with a pluralit y of overlapping layers of roofing niaterialfol' a transversely-laid metallic strip having a longitudinal ridge and roulnled edges, and secured upon the layers by nails driven through the strip and layers into a su morting-base,

substantially as set forth.

9. A securing device for roofing consisting of a metallic strip having a longitudinal ridge portion extending above the plane of the bearing edges, laid transversely across the exposed portions of overlapping layers oi roofing material and secured thereon by nails driven through the body portion between the edges and through said layers of roofing material to cause the edges of the strip to bear downwardly thereon and across the edges of the roofing material, substantially as set forth.

10. In a roof, the combination with a plurality of overlapping layers of roofing 1n aterial, of transverselydaid metallic strips having alongltudinal ridge and secured upon the layers by nails driven through the strips and the exposed portion of each layer of roofing material, and longitudinal coveringstri'ps ol flexible material laid over said I116- tallic strips with an intervening layer of eenienting material, substantially as set forth.

11. In a roof, the combination with a plurality of overlapping layers of roofing mate rial, ofvtransversely-laid metallic strips having a longitudinal ridge and secured upon the layers by nails driven through the strips and the exposed portion ot'raeh layer of rooting material, and longitudinal coveringstrips of flexible material laid over said nietallic strips, with cementing material laid be tween the metallic strips and the covering strips and entirely over the overlapping layers, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES .T KUNZLER.

Witnesses Cnas. S. LEILEY, O. M. CLARKE. 

